The palygorskite has an intermediate structure between the chain structure and the lamellar structure, and it belongs to the 2:1 layer-chain microstructure, where the lattice displacement and good adsorption of zinc ions that are expected to reduce the much stronger and tight solvation sheath with water. Here, we propose a new inorganic high-concentration colloidal electrolyte (HCCE) induced by the palygorskite nano-inorganic material to replace the normal liquid electrolyte in an aqueous ZIBs. Therefore, major stride should be taken in electrolyte exploration. However, under extreme concentration conditions, it is hard to apply in large-scale because of high-cost organic and salt precipitation issues at low temperatures. This concept makes use of the fact that the nature of the coordination environment of the Zn 2+ cation in the solution can be changed on a molecular level, leading a completely different electrochemistry. recently reported that “water-in-salt” or “water-in-deep eutectic solvent” high-concentration electrolyte could exhibit a nearly 100% CE and result in dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping during operation. A high-quality electrolyte could improve the performance of ZIBs. It is well known, as a vital component of the ZIBs, the electrolyte provides the basic operating environment to guarantee the long-standing stability and endurability of the battery. As a result, the cycling life and Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ZIBs are still far behind the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. However, these methods can hardly meet all the requirements. Moreover, much effort has been dedicated to the development of advanced metal Zn electrodes, from surface modification and structure designation (3D) to the alloy enhancement. In order to solve these issues, great efforts have been devoted to the study on the new Zn-host cathode discovery (manganese-based oxides, vanadium-based oxides, prussian blue analogous, and other organic materials etc.), mechanism exploration in oxide/non-oxide material, aqueous/non-aqueous electrolyte. Unfortunately, ZIBs suffer from the growth of dendrite, element dissolution, and the formation of irreversible products. The high energy density, low cost, and the environmentally friendly nature of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are attractive especially for the large-scale stationary electrical energy storage. Considering material sustainability and batteries’ high performances, the colloidal electrolyte may provide a feasible substitute beyond the liquid and all-solid-state electrolyte of ZIBs. The Zn/HCCE/α-MnO 2 cells exhibit high durability under both high and low current densities, which is almost 100% capacity retention at 200 mA g −1 after 400 cycles (290 mAh g −1) and 89% capacity retention under 500 mA g −1 after 1000 cycles (212 mAh g −1). The new HCCE has high Zn 2+ ion transference number (0.64) endowed by the limitation of SO 4 2−, the competitive ion conductivity (1.1 × 10 –2 S cm −1) and Zn 2+ ion diffusion enabled by the uniform pore distribution (3.6 nm) and the limited free water. Herein, we propose a new type of the inorganic highly concentrated colloidal electrolytes (HCCE) for ZIBs promoting simultaneous robust protection of both cathode/anode leading to an effective suppression of element dissolution, dendrite, and irreversible products growth. Zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) is a promising electrical energy storage candidate due to its eco-friendliness, low cost, and intrinsic safety, but on the cathode the element dissolution and the formation of irreversible products, and on the anode the growth of dendrite as well as irreversible products hinder its practical application.
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